Micro-drive hydraulic elevator



F.C, FURLOW.

MICRO DRIVE HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION-FILED SEPT. 5I 19I.

Paented Sept. 14, 1920.

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APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5, 19:7.

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45 the plunger cylinf UNITEI laTTES PATEN 'FFCE FLOYD C. FURLOT, 0FEfIGNCLAR, NEW' JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, 0F JEEtSEYCITY, NEW J ERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

NEGRO-DRIVE HYDRAULC ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

Application filed September 5, 1917. Serial No. 189,897.

To all ic/tom z'tmrzy concern.' Be it known that l, FLoYD C. FUnLow, acitizen ot' the United States, residinmin Montclair, in the county ofilew Jersey, have invented a new and useul inpawA ment in Micro-DriveHydraulic Elevators, or which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to elevators and more particularly to type commonlyknown -as hydraulic i Uztors.

The invention consiits in the provision of means to control and levelthe elevator car with a desired landing, the controlling means involvingimproved features of construction, arrangement of parts and mode ofoperation, and 1seing an improvement on my co-pending application,Serial Number 59,736, filed November 5, 1915, Patent ao #1,268,109, Junee, 191e.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l, illustrates in atypical manner, a push-button controlled hydraulic elevator systemembodying the apparatus arranged in accordance with the presentinvention; Fig. 2 illustrates in elevation, and with parts broken away,anenlarged detail view of certain of the controlling elements shown inFig. l; certain oi? the elements being partly broken away; Figs. and lillustrate in section, plan views ot' certain elements, and Figs. 3",da, illustrate views taken on lines y a-a., of Figs. and lrespectively,viewed in the direction of arrows b-b.

' The various elements comprising the elevator system will first bedesignated, and theirl construction will thereafter 'be described indetail. L The elevator car, C, is supported by a 49 plunger, A,operating in cylinder, l?. A inain'ftl'iree-way valve, if, is connectedte the plunger cylinder hy a to and trom pipe, l, IThe. main valve isactuated through a rack and vpinion connection, 2, to admit fluid to m apressure pipe,

Aid from the cylinder P, and to disch by way er dis ye LJipe, D.

llie -ical push-button system comprises electro-magnetic reversingswitches, l, ld, car push-buttons, c, c', 0; hall pushhut/tons, it, it",It, located at the diilerent r landings clesignatedgli, L', L, floorcffmtroller switches positioned in the elevator hatchwayand designatedf, f, f, fm; oor relays 11,7, fr", non-interference maget Essex andState.

' net n car holding magnet 71",' and door coninode of operation, and, itis thought, nced no further description.

.Coming now to the elements which form more particularly the subjectlmatter ot the present invention. they consist more csscntially of ahydraulic motor lll, to actuate ,the main three walv valve V; a valvemechanism il to cont-rol the hydraulic motor M, and` electro-magnets l,E controlled conjointly from thc car and hy thc motor to actuate thevalve Y in either direction from a centered or normal position againstthe action of springs 3 or al. which act to rcturn the valve mechanismto centered or central position when the electro-magnets are denergized.Additional springs, are

provided to prevent an over-run movement of the valve mechanism past acentered or central position by thc action of the springs, 3 or 4, incentering the valve mechanism.

The elements thus tar designated together S0 with the push-buttonapparatus, control the main valve Y to effect operation ot' the car atits maximum or relatively high rate of speed in an ascending ordescending direction.

ln addition to the above pointed out mechanism, l provide auxiliaryapparatus automatically to control and level the elevator car at anydesired landing, this apparatus effecting movement of the car at adefinite slow-rate oi' speed, and 'functioning independently of the mainvalve and its controlling elements.

rlhe auxiliary apparatus comprises an auxiliary valve V, which togetherwith pipe connections, forms a hy-pass around the main valve Y, tosupply pressure to, or exhaust pressure from the plunger. cylinder l,rl`he auxiliary valve is controlled to ef- Ject the leveling operationof the car, by means of cams and coactinff switches controlled hymovement of the car. There are two of thesecams at eachfloor landing,offset 'fromcach vother and fixed in the elevaF tor hatchwa y, the camsdesignated 'l torn ing one setand being arranged in a comzllane, andcams designated T formother set in a common plane, but otfk-l .om thecams T. A pair of switches, h", are carried by the elevator car,fthe^110'5' and 6.

switch, S, being controlled by the cams,T, automatically to control theauxiliary valve V" to effect operation of the car in an ascendingdirection and levelthe same with a landing; the switch S' beingcontrolled by` The hydraulic motor consists more essentially of acasing, 7, and a piston, 8, adapted to move therein; the piston beingsecured to a piston rod, 8', and foi'niing independent chambers, 9, 9',in the casing. An aperture 10, connects the chamber, 9, with a pipe, 11,the latter serving to admit pressure to', and exhaust fluid from, thechamber 9. An

aperture 10' connects the chamber 9' with aV pipe 12, the latter servingto admit pressure to, and exhaust fluid from the chamber 9'. A shippersheave, 13, is made in two sections, an inner section, 13', and an outersection. 13", the vouter section heilig supported by spring pressedrods, 14, cari'ied by-tlie inner section, the rods at their outer endshaving knobs, 15, engaging grooves provided on the inner periphei'y ofthe outer section. The

iniiei section, 13', is positively connected' with the hydraulic motoi',M, through a rack and pinion connection, 16, and under ordinaryconditions the outer section, 13", is operated with the inner section;but under certain conditions, hereinafter pointed out, the connection asherein provided between the two sections, permits the outer section Vtobe moved upon application of power thereto, while the inner section mayremain stationary. A rope or cable, 17, connects the lsheave, 13, withthemain valve sheave, 18.

A pair of off-set cams, 20, 20', are movable with the piston rod, 3'.the cani 20 being adapted to actua-te switches, 21, 21', and the cam20', being adapted to actuate switches, 22, 22'. These cams and thecoactiiig switches function to control circuits for theelectro-iiiagnets, E, E'.

The valve mechanism, V2, consists more essentiallV of a valve casing,23, having an interior perfoiatef. sleeve, 24, in which the valve stein,25, is adapted to slide, the valve Y stem having enlarged heads orpistons, 26,

27, 28, 29, which control the circulation of Huid between the fluidchambers. 30. 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35, formed in the casing-23. The valvestem is made hollow for a portion of its length, communication betweenthe inte rior and exterior of the stein being made by the openings, 36,37.

The auxiliary valve mechanism, V", consistsmore essentially of a valvecasing, 38, having an interioi perforated sleeve, 39, in which the valvestem, 40, is adapted to slide, Ithe valve stem having enlarged heads oipistons, 41, 42, and 43, which, control the circulation of fluid betweenthe fiuid chambers or passages, 44, 45, 46.

An auxiliary pressure pipe, P', connects with chambers 46 and 34, in thevalve mech anisms, V", V', respectively. An auxiliary discharge pipe D'connects with chambers 44 and 32 in the valve mechanisms V", V',respectively. An auxiliary to-a'nd-from pipe, 1', forms a junction withthe to-aiid-from pipe 1, and connects with the chamber 45 in the valvemechanism V".

Pipes 11 and 12', form a junction with pipes 11, 12 respectively, andconnect With chambers 30, 31 respectively in the casing 23.

Operation of the parts through a complete cycle of opei'ation will nowbe described. Let us assume that the push-button, z, is pressed to bringthe car to the first floor landing, L. Operation of the button, la,closes a circuit to the operating winding of the reversing switch, R',which circuit may 'be traced as follows: main to wire 47, door contacts7n, both windings of the nloninterference magnet fn, and its contacts,wire 48, button It, Wire 49, winding of the floor relay r, wire 50,floor controller switch f, wires 51, 52, .thence the reversing switchwinding to the line. The reversing switch R' now operates to close acircuit for the electro-magnet- E', which circuit may be traced asfollows: -lmain, reversing switch 10I contacts 53, Wire 54, switch 22',to wire 55, winding of the electro-magnet E', and wire 56 to the line.The winding E' now receiving current, moves the valve stem 25 toward theright, therebj,Y establishing communication between the auxiliarypressure pipe P' and the chamber 9, via the chambers I 34, 35 and pipe11,and connecting the chamber 9' with the auxiliary exhaust'pipe D', viathe pipes 12, f12' and chambers, 33, 32. 115 Pressure being admitted totheA chamber 9, .effects movement of the piston 8 towai'd the right, thelatter thereby actuating the main valveto connect the plunger cylinder'with the discharge pipe D. In this manner opera 120 ioc ' 'tion of the'car in a descending direction is effected at a relatively high ormaximum rate of s eed.

Movement ofthe piston 8 causes the cani 20 to close switch 21, and whenlthe said pis- 125 ton reaches its limit of movement. in the right handdirection` the cani 20' engages and opensthe switch 22', the latterthereby opening the circuit for the elcctro-inagiiet E". Since thelatter is now deiiergized, the

springs, 4, now act to return the valve mechanism V to normal orcentered posit-ion; the motor piston remaining in its actuated positionuntil the car upon approaching to within a predetermined distance of thelirst floor landing, engages and opens the Hoor switch f, therebyopening the circuit of the winding of th opens its Yupper contacts, 53,and closes its bottom contacts, 53. The contacts 53 together with Switch2l now being closed, es-

tablish a circuit for the electro-magnet'E, which circuit may be tracedas follows:

main, wire 57, contacts 53', wire v58, switch 2l, wire 59, thencethrough electromagnet E to the line.4 The electro-magnet E, nowreceiving current moves the valve stem 25 toward the lett hand from itsalready centered or normal position, thereby admitting pressure from thepipe P to the right side or' the piston 8 via the chambers 34, 33, pipel2 and aperture l0', and connecting the aperture l0 with the dischargepipe D t'or the discharge of luid from the lett side of the piston 8,via pipe l1, to chamber 35, thence through the hollow portion ot' thestem to chamber via openings 37, and 36; and from the chamber 3 2, tothe discharge pipe D, via the pipe D.

Pressure now being admitted to the right side of the piston 8, effectsmovement ofthe latter toward the left hand, thereby actuating andreturning the valve to normal position and in this manner bringing thecar to a stop by the action of the main valve mechanism.

Movement of the piston toward the left hand moves the cam 20 out ofengagement with the switch 22 which is then closed by the action of aspring 22, and when the piston reaches its center position the cam 2Ureleases switch 21, which is thereupon operated by the action of aspring 21. The switch 2l now being opened, opens the cir` cuitheretofore traced for the electro-magnet E, the springs 3 now acting toreturn the valve mechanism V to normal position, thereby cutting oli"all communication from the pipes P and D', to the chambers, 9, 9.

Shortly after the car opens the floor switch f. which corresponds to thebeginning of movement of the main valve to closing position, the switchengages and 1s closed by the cam T', thereby closing a circuit for thewinding of a relay G0, which circuit may be traced as follows: from the-lmain to wire til, two sets of back contacts (52 arranged in series,wire 63, safety switch G4, to a common feed wire 65, switch S to wire6G, winding of relay 60, and wire (S7 to the line.

The relay 6() now operates to close its contacts G, which close acircuit for the operating magnet X of the auxiliary valve mechanism V.The electro-magnet X now operates to move the valve stem 4() toward thee reversing switch R', which now' right hand, thereby connecting theplunger cylinder with discharge pipe D, via the pipe 1, chambers 45, al,and pipe D.

In this manner the auxiliary valve V operates independently of the mainvalve to continue movement of the 'ar at a relatively slow rate ofspeed, in a descending direction, and when thecar platform issubstantially level with the landing L, the cam T releases the switchS', which now opens by thc action of a spring (58, thereby opening thecircuit for the electro-magnet X. rl`he latter now being denergized, thesprings will act quickly to center the Yalve mechanism Y, therebyvbringing the elevator car to a stop.

or any reason the elevator car should over-run or coast past the desiredlanding, as in this instance the landing L, the switch, S, engages andis closed by the cam, 'l`. The switch S closes a circuit for the windingot' the relay GU, which operates to close its contacts, 60", therebyclosing a circuit for the electro-magnet X. rlhe electro-magnet X nowoperates to move the valve-stem yl() toard the lct't hand, therebyconnecting the plunger cylinder B with the auxiliary pressure pipe l.The car will now ascend at a relatively slow rate of speed, until thecar platform is substantiall f level with the landing L, whereupon theswitch, S, is released to open position by the cam, T, thus etlectingthe deenergization ot the electro-magnet X, and the centering of theauxiliary valve mechanism V, which operation cuts otl` all communicationbetween the plunger cylinder and the pressure and discharge pipes, l andD. In this manner the elevator car 1s lautomatically returned to, andthe platform stopped level with the desired landing, the auxiliary valvemechanism together with its controlling elements acting automatically tomaintain in effect the car level with the landing after the car is oncebrought to and stopped level with the landing.

.This feature is of considerable practical importance in this type ot'elevators, since any movement oi the car away from the landing, whichtor example may be caused by leaking valve'mechanisnn causes theauxiliary valve mechanism and its controlling parts to function andbring the car back to the landing.

'lhe mode ot' operation ot' the various elements for ascending directionot car travel,

and by car push button operation, is substantially the same as has justbeen described for the descending direction of car travel as effected bythe hall push button operation.

In order to control the main valve mechanism in case of emergency, Iprovidea hand rope, 70, operable from the 'elevator car and permanentlyconnected to the shipper sheave, 18.

ln order to permit free movement ot' 'the hydraulic motor piston, 8, byoperation of the hand rope, 70, and with the valve mechanism V 1n normalposition, and the motor piston, 8, 1n either a normal or actuated p0-sition, l provide the fluid passages 30 and 31, which with the valvestem in normalposition as shown, allows free circulation of fluid fromthe chamber, 9, to the chamy ber 9 when the piston, 8, is moved towardthe left hand, and vice versa for movement of the piston in the oppositedirection.

(ln the other hand if the valve mechanism V or hydraulic motor shouldstick, say for example in actuated position, or otherwise fail properlyto function, the inner section 13 of the shipper' sheave thus becomeslocked against movement, but the connection provided between the innerand outer sections 13 and 13, allows the outer section to release itselfby a pull on the cable 70. ln this .manner the main valve mechanism Vmay be operated to control the elevator car by operation of'the'handrope, upon failure of the main valve controlling mechanism properly to'function, the arrangement eliminatmg any need for clutch mechanism orconnections to disconnect the locked-elements lfrom the 'hand ropeconnection to the main valve mechanism; the essential feature being,that the only operation necessary is for the operator to perform theusual, orwhat may be considered av habitual operation, which is tosimply actuate the hand cable.

The arrangement furthermore, provides an automatic shut-ofi for the mainvalve mechanism, when the ear approaches either limit of travel, thecar'in its movement engaging the stop-balls 71 on the cable 70.

The electrical apparatusv herein provided is shown as applied to asource of single phase alternating current-supply, and for this purpose,the 'cores and armatures of the various magnets such as E, E", etc., arepreferably constructed of laminated material, but it will be understoodthat Athe electrical system may aswell be applied to a direct currentsource of sup ly.

Having thus described my invention, and

without limiting myself to the precise de-' tails of construction andarrangement of parts, what l cla1m as new and'desire to secure byLetters ,Patent of the United l. ln a hydraulic elevator. system, thecombination with the car, a mam valve, a hydraulic motor -to actuatelthe valve,and

@means automatically controlled from the car and by the motor, to'control the said motor thesaid means comprlsing cams actuated by themotor, electric circuits, and

'switches in the said circuits actuated by the A2. In, a` hydraulicelevator, the combina-l y naar vale,- manually controlled switches eachlcontrolling circuits to both electro-magnets,

normally open switches controlled Vby the motor, in'one of the circuitsfrom each man-y ually controlled switch to the electro-magnets, andnormally closed switches controlled by the motor, in the other of thecircuits from each manually controlledswitch to the electro-magnets. 3.In a hydraulic elevator system7 the comcination with the car, a mainvalve, a hydraulic motor device to actuate-the valve,- valvemechanism-to control the-hydraulicy motor, electromagnets to actuatethesecond named valve, electro-responsive switches controlled fromthe car,each controllingcircuits t`o both electro-magnets, additional. switchesincluded in each vof the said. circuits, and` cams operable by the motorand adapted to actuate the latter named switches. 4v. Controlling`apparatus for hydraulic elevators comprising a 4controlling valve, amotor device, and a shipper sheave, the said sheave comprising an innersection positively connected with the motor device, an outer sectionpositively connected with the main valve,'`and a connection between theinner and outer sections whereby operation ofthe sections as a unit, bythe motor device is at rest.

5. ln a hydraulic elevator system, the cornbination with the car, a'main valve, a mo tor Adevice .to actuate the valve, valve mechanism tocontrol the motor, electro-magnets .to a'ctuate the latter named'valvemechanism,

connected to opposite ends of the valve stem a single auxiliary valve toeffect operation of the car independently. of the main valve,

valve mechanism, connected to opposite ends' of the valve stern. i y.

6. In a hydraulic elevator system, the

' and electro-magnets to actuate theauxiliary combination with the car,a main valve, aA

hydraulic motor device to actuate the valve, valve mechanism to controlthe motor, electro-magnets to actuate the latter valve mechnism,connected to opposite ends of. the,

lvalve stem, and means operable by the car lmovement to control circuitsfor the latter named electro-magnets.

7. ln a hydraulic :elevator system, the combination with the car, a mainvalve, a

hydraulic motorl device,'a sheave operable L,

by thev motor and connected to the main Aanism, connected to oppositeends of the Avalve stem, means operable from the car miie said slieavecompiisiiig sections one Yof which is movable inl'leeemle ci glieotliei', e valve nieclziiiisiii i coiiiol o the moioi' device, seidValve mechanism when iii nei-mal o centeiecl eosiiioii lisliingcommunication fof .Allee Y, iiuicl inbound he'nioor pisens meansliroileel 'from lie cai, eo aciielle lie lziei nali/led lf-sive5 enauxiliary valve le comi' l the czu ilo raise lower7 and means "zo conq*wel the auxiliary valve.

y 8. ln a hydraulic eleva'oi: system liyd'aulic motor coifnpfising;i e,cjJliiLei l ing :i piston movabie lle ein e siiiv'ic vel Ye mechanism tosupply pref'suie heuse liuicl iiom both siii piston, said valve meclmniioi'niai position establishing come. foi' free circulation of iuidni'oi.

with n desired lending.

in e hydraulic elevator system, ille combination *ith the c ig mein mihydraulic motoi7 to schiste the seid U' Valve mechanism to coiiii'oi'alie liyeliei'c .motor, electro-responsive means io scuelve the secondnamed Valve ieee" ziiiisii, means controllable from lie csr :incl by'lie niocoi' ecirc-ieclevice conjoiiitly to control iie sponsive meansae single euxi lair mecliaiiism, and electio-i'espoii" tus controlled bymovemeii; of operate the auXilizifY-velv, `ro reise or low-ei the carand level the same with n desire@ landing.

10. ln a, hydraulic elevezor system tlie combination Wili the cai, emain -valve, motor device, a slieeve operable by the moe' enel connectedto the mais valve, shezwe comprising sections one o'i which isreleaszible from the other, a single valve mecha nism to coiitiol themeier device? sei 'Valise mechanism when in normal posiiioii esalilishing communication for ie circulation of fluid aoimcl the motorpis'on, electi'omagnets connected to the siem of the second named valve,a pusl1-button sysem of circuits and moto? operated means, eoiijoinilyio control the said cieccio-iriagnes e con- `Decision opeiablel if n thecm' :mil coniieing with one of elle said sheeve seciiols a singleauxiliary Valve io reise :wel lowes opeieble s oi ilie wliziiilic eleiicenibiiieiiion with die cui, motor device5 zi sliezivc opeil 1 i l enf.coiiic with lie mein i slieawe cowpiising seciiciis, on," icleasule romiie ii-'fi Velux.,

@al lie iiioiii: ccnmiuiiicui-irm for natures comieced ,niv-e sem,compiis named o opposite ends zit of die contr "led circiiis te switchesice, in eacli elecio-umgiie valve, si clies l ehe car, each controllingthe seid eiedere-insgA i con rolled by lie meier 1 ilie ciicuis to thes'ziil cable eveil-able iii-ein li wiili one of IThe slicuve sections,mi auxiliary vulve o. eoni'ol "elle csv eo raise. mi loe/ei the cuiini'lcpeiiilenly 'lle mail vai il ineens A coiii'ol. ille ausili: Yvalve *1 of lie cai: iii en scemi f opci'ati i d liesceii'dim iliiesii/Ll msiiinui in elect elle cui' level ifili ai desired ending.

l2. in :i hydraulic elevator m, the

combination with iie csi', :i mniii ml: livili'niilic moioi' device tonciuiie Nie f1 'Valve r iuiiisixi 'Le coiii'el V iii-:wieg elec-iro@Valve meclm l wiiiolleii iom lle cai', coiiiolliiigg lie circuits toilie electi'o-magmeis.; ioi'iiislly ogen swiclie,` und normally clesedswitches conti'oiled by the mooi, the

lil seficlies being iii ille W :iV v. i l 'l cuss Le lie salu 'eg andmenus to conti Y electro-magnets.; seid ineens also contfiollii 0 ehecircuits to the first named switches controlled oy ille cai'.

ln esdmony whereof7 i have si iis specification in the two subscribingwitnesses.

' l1". C, FilLOl-fi. 1W inesses lliiieim G. llm'mmolg HAZEL GATES.

L e cmi :mil coiiiiecaing

